A Muslim friend recently challenged me on the point of God’s consistent message of Tawhid, or his Oneness, as found in the ancient revelations. Why would the unchanging God fundamentally change the way he showed himself to man, shifting from oneness to three-in-oneness? He raises a very good question. Below was my attempt to answer him, which I think resembles theories of progressive revelation.
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Although the scriptures are clear about the singleness of the Sovereign One, they are also replete with hints about something much more grand and mysterious, hints I believe are preludes to the Messiah, the climax of God’s reaching out to man.
1) In Genesis 1:2, the “Spirit of God is hovering over the waters”- before he begins creation. With the traditional Islamic interpretation of the “Spirit of God” meaning Gabriel, this would mean that Gabriel existed “in the beginning” before God started creation.
2) The word translated “God” in the first chapter of Genesis is plural (“Elohim”) and he talks to himself saying “us”, as in Genesis 1:26, Genesis 3:22.
3) Ibrahim meets with Allah in person in Genesis 18: “behold three men were standing opposite him”…two of them go down to Sodom while “Ibrahim was still standing before YHWH” and barters with him about the city’s fate. It is YHWH who replies to Ibrahim during this conversation, and YHWH is the one who departs afterward.
4) Yaqub/Jacob wrestles with God in Genesis 32. “A man wrestles with him until daybreak” – literally grappled with Jacob. When Jacob asks for his name, he says “why do you ask my name?” When he departs Jacob names the place Peniel (meaning, the face of God), saying, “I have seen God face to face and lived.”
5) When Moses received the second copy of the ten commandments in Exodus 34, YHWH: descended in the cloud and stood there with him as he called upon the name of YHWH. Then YHWH passed in front of him and proclaimed, “The Lord, the Lord God, compassionate and gracious, slow to ander, and abounding in lovingkindness and truth…” This seems like a physical presence of God
There are many interesting hints like this in the book of Judges (Samson and Gideon have similar mysterious encounters) and the prophetic revelations to Israel and also the Zabur of David/Dawood have hints of God coming to man, but I’ll select a very intriguing one, one of my favorites:
6) The book of the prophet Isaiah, in 9:6- “For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us; And the governremnt will rest on His shoulders; And his name will be called wonderful counselor, mighty God, eternal father, prince of peace.” (!)
So you see, I’m not saying that these things make God into gods plural. I’m saying that the true nature of the one God was gradually being revealed throughout time, he was preparing his people for the time when he himself would come to save them. Jesus was the fulfillment of God’s constant intention throughout the ages, ever since the Fall of Man.
7) God gave the first prophecy: “And I will put enmity between you [shaitan] and the woman, and between your seed and her seed; he shall bruise you on the head, and you shall bruise him on the heel.” (Genesis 3:15) That is, there would come one born of woman who would defeat Shaitan. And who can defeat the greatest of angels but the Maker of the angels?
God has always been one, and he has always three in one. Only at the coming of Jesus did God see that it was time to reveal the fullness of his nature, and the true meaning of his name Immanuel, which means “God with us.”